Bond Ratings and How They Work

When investing in fixed income, it is important for an investor to research a bond’s rating. This rating is assigned by a private ratings agency, which assesses the bond’s creditworthiness, or its ability to make its scheduled interest payments and repay the loan in full when it reaches maturity. The ratings agency evaluates the issuer’s overall financial health as the basis to assign a credit rating to its bonds.
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Introduction

Three main ratings agencies evaluate the creditworthiness of bonds: Standard & Poor’s (S&P), Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s), and Fitch. These agencies use similar ratings systems to assess a bond’s creditworthiness. The ratings of bonds are solely the opinion of the agency and do not guarantee the credit quality or likelihood of default. Bonds rated above a certain level are considered “investment grade”, and lower graded, or non-investment grade bonds are considered “high yield” or “junk” bonds. Bonds with lower ratings generally offer higher yields to entice and compensate investors for taking on additional risk. The lower the bond is rated, the higher the risk the investor is taking.

Bond Rating Breakdown

See below for a breakdown of bond ratings for each ratings agency:

Rating agencies will upgrade or downgrade a bond’s rating based on the financial health of the issuer. Investors should monitor a bond’s rating regularly, as it can affect the sale price if the bond is sold before it reaches maturity. It is important to note that a bond’s rating is not indicative of performance now or in the future.

The Bottom Line

Webull will soon offer Treasury Bonds, Bills, and Notes backed by the U.S. government, which are time-tested investments. You can start investing with a minimum investment of $1,000.

Visit Webull's Learning Center for information on investing in Stocks , ETFs , and Options . Stay tuned for more updates on this exciting offer and take your investment journey to the next level with Webull.

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Investments in fixed income comes with risks related to interest rates, credit quality, market valuations, liquidity, prepayments, early redemption, corporate events, tax ramifications and other factors. Bond transactions are subject to a mark-up/mark-down which will impact the price you pay and the yield you receive. For more information on the risks and costs of fixed income investing, visit webull.com/policy
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Lesson List
1
Introduction to Bonds
2
How Bonds Work
3
How Bond Prices, Rates, and Yields are Related
Bond Ratings and How They Work
5
Selecting the Right Bond For You
6
Understanding the Yield Curve
No content on the Webull website shall be considered a recommendation or solicitation for the purchase or sale of securities, options or other investment products. All information and data on the website is for reference only and no historical data shall be considered as the basis for judging future trends.